Data science is a multi-disciplinary field that uses scientific methods, processes, algorithms and systems to extract knowledge and insights from structured and unstructured data. Data science is the same concept as data mining and big data: “use the most powerful hardware, the most powerful programming systems, and the most efficient algorithms to solve problems”. Data science is a “concept to unify statistics, data analysis, machine learning and their related methods” in order to “understand and analyze actual phenomena” with data. It employs techniques and theories drawn from many fields within the context of mathematics, statistics, computer science, and information science. The primary goal of data science is to enable the computers to learn from past and current examples without human intervention automatically and to predict the future based on its experience. When a new data is fed into the data science algorithms, they learn and predict the future by developing ‘intelligence’ over time. There are four types of popular data science algorithms available, such as supervised, semi-supervised, unsupervised, and reinforcement learning. Recently, the data science algorithms are more popular than ever, due to the adaptation of learning algorithms on the new and dynamically changing environment.
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